2018年,全世界能源消耗为18.2TW,预计到2050年,全世界能耗将将增长10TW,意味着在现有能源格局不变的情况下,需要重建444个三峡电站才能满足人类对能源的需求;(注:三峡装机容量:22.5GW)
显然无法以现有技术解决人类对能源的需求;
能源挑战是实实在在的,影响着我们每一个人的生活;
太阳能是取之不尽用之不竭的清洁能源,以光伏发电是解决能源需求的有效手段;
自2012年以来,钙钛矿太阳能电池发展迅速,受到广泛关注。钙钛矿材料来源丰富,材料纯度对光电转换效率影响不敏感,可实现大规模廉价获取能源这一关键核心问题。
万度光能研发团队自2008年组建以来一直专注于基于印刷技术及廉价原材料的印刷介观太阳能电池材料与器件核心技术研究;
2013年获得突破,开发出可印刷尽介观钙钛矿太阳能电池,其结构示意图及能级示意图如左图所示;
该结构器件工艺简单,原材料来源丰富,有望实现廉价光伏发电;
2013年由独立光伏实验室权威公证的器件性能数据,光电转换效率达12.84%;
通过界面改性与材料优化,万度光能研发团队获得了具有高稳定性的印刷介观钙钛矿太阳能电池核心技术;
相关结果2014年7月发表在《科学》上【Science 345, 285 (2014)】,为我国太阳能电池领域研究成果首次在《科学》上发表;
器件结构及界面改性方案相关核心技术已获中国、美国、欧洲、日本发明专利授权,拥有自主知识产权。通过挂牌转让,万度光能获得了相关核心专利。
"The results are extremely encouraging and imply that the perovskite is not fundamentally unstable inambient conditions."
结果是“极其鼓舞人心的”,改变了人们对钙钛矿太阳能电池“本质上不稳定”的看法。
"Currently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on the "triple layer" architecture with a thick carbon back electrode have demonstrated perhaps the most stable performance characteristics of all PSCs."
目前在所有钙钛矿太阳能电池中基于三层膜结构及碳对电极的钙钛矿太阳能电池可能是最稳定的。
—— Prof. Henry J. Snaith, University of Oxford
Nature Nanotechnology 2015, 10, 391
Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1600014.
"Based on the pioneering work by Mei et al. (Han Group), we developed HTM-free solar cells, being at present the cheapest, fully printable low-cost deposition process."
基于 Mei 等人的开创性工作 (韩课题组),我们开发了一种无空穴传输层太阳能电池,采用的是目前最廉价且完全可印刷的低成本沉积工艺。
—— Prof. MK Nazeeruddin, EPFL
Nature Comm. 2017, 8, 15684.
"Several groups have fabricated solar cells with micrometer-thick carbon top electrodes, which have been shown to have impressive stability and have been summarized in previous review articles.
A combination of micron-thick carbon electrodes on perovskites infiltrated through mesoporous ZrO₂ and mesoporous TiO₂ have enabled no change in performance for unencapsulated solar cells after 1 year of storage in 54% RH ambient air and 1000 h under 1 sun in ambient air."
通过介孔TiO2及ZrO2填充钙钛矿的含有微米厚碳电极的钙钛矿太阳能电池已经显示出不俗的稳定性。
"Impressively, continued performance improvements on this mesoscopic, metal-free architecture have led to power conversion efficiencies exceeding 15%, and WonderSolar in China has begun deploying it at the module level."
令人激动的是,这种无金属电极的介观钙钛矿太阳能电池性能持续提升,模组已经开始在中国的万度光能示范。
——Prof. Michael D.McGehee, Stanford University
Chem. Rev. 2019,119,3418-3451
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